One way the Knowledge Market describes those early stages of organizing your ideas is by "idea mapping."

Idea mapping is a brainstorming technique that lets you visualize concepts and ideas. Also known as “mind mapping” or “concept mapping,” this technique starts with a research question or main idea, then adds branches with synonyms, related topic, keywords, and examples.

The following image is an example of idea mapping. This technique can be used to generate keywords or main ideas based on your research question. It can also be helpful in making connections between ideas.

Learn More:  

• Brainstorming: Asking Questions
• Broadening your topic (Brainstorming)
• Choosing a Topic from a Theme
• Choosing a Topic from Scratch
• Choosing a Topic with Subject Terms
• Keyword (Brainstorming)
• Narrowing your Topic (Brainstorming)
• Overcoming Writer's Block
• Research Question Development
• The Communication Triangle
• Symptoms and Cures for Writer's Block - Purdue OWL